Application Exercise​ 8.1: Assessing and Monitoring Fluency

In the following​ video, Ms. Martin employs two strategies to improve​ students’ fluency and expressiveness in reading.

Reading with Expression

Based on her comments to her​ students, why is Ms. Martin teaching students to read​ expressively? 

What is the relationship between reading expressively and reading​ fluently?

Describe two strategies Ms. Martin models and teaches to help her students read with expression. Explain how these strategies relate to​ comprehension? 

 Application Exercise​ 8.2: K-W-L Activity

In this​ video, an algebra teacher introduces a unit on equations to students who are English language learners. She begins by engaging students in a​ K-W-L activity.

KWL to Solve Equations

Why do you think this algebra teacher is conducting a​ K-W-L activity at the beginning of the unit on​ equations? 

To what extent do you think these students need additional background information in order to comprehend informational text about​ equations? Support your answer. 

 Application Exercise​ 8.3: Reading Comprehension

In this​ video, Ms. Martin introduces a new word and engages students in a discussion of the meaning of the word. She emphasizes the importance of comprehension and the use of text to provide clues.

Understanding Motivation 

Why is it important for Ms. Martin to engage students in this discussion about motivation before students read the​ text? 

Describe how Ms. Martin checks for understanding during the discussion and explain why this step is important. 

Application Exercise​ 9.1: Assessing and Teaching the Writing Process

In this​ video, second-grade teacher Ms. Jansuz is conducting a writing workshop. She coaches​ Sofia, a struggling​ writer, and scaffolds the process of writing an opinion piece.

 Writing Workshop 

Describe the graphic organizer Sofia is using and identify the part of the writing process in which such a tool is recommended.  

How do you think the graphic organizer will help this struggling writer when she drafts her opinion​ piece?

Application Exercise​ 9.2: Teaching Spelling

In this​ video, an elementary school teacher models processes that help students learn the spellings of words.

Studying Spelling Words 

Identify instructional strategies the teacher demonstrates in this spelling lesson. 

How might these strategies help students at any grade level who struggle with​ spelling? 

Based on recommendations in the​ text, identify alterations that should be made to this spelling lesson in order to increase learning success for students with learning disabilities. 

 Application Exercise​ 9.3: Teaching Handwriting

In this​ video, a general education teacher and a special education teacher work together to present a handwriting lesson.

 Grade 1 Handwriting (Esther Nodal, Amanda Kerekes) 

 Identify the component of handwriting that is emphasized in this lesson and explain why this is particularly important for students with learning disabilities.

Why do you think the teacher chose to practice these particular letters​ together?